UPPER GI · CONDITION GUIDE
GERD / Acid Reflux
Chronic acid reflux causing heartburn, regurgitation, and oesophageal damage — surgically treated when medication fails to control symptoms.
ABOUT THIS CONDITION
What is GERD / Acid Reflux?
Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD) occurs when stomach acid or bile repeatedly flows back into the oesophagus, irritating its lining. While mild reflux is common, GERD is defined by symptoms or complications that occur more than twice per week. If left untreated, chronic reflux can lead to oesophagitis, Barrett’s oesophagus, and rarely oesophageal cancer. Dr. Tagore Mohan Grandhi manages GERD at Lux Hospitals, Hyderabad, offering laparoscopic fundoplication for patients in whom medical therapy has failed or who prefer a definitive surgical solution. The procedure recreates the lower oesophageal sphincter mechanism, permanently preventing reflux.
SIGNS TO WATCH
Common Symptoms
Symptoms that need attention
WHY IT HAPPENS
Causes & Risk Factors
- Weak or relaxed lower oesophageal sphincter (LES)
- Hiatal hernia allowing acid to escape into the oesophagus
- Obesity increasing intra-abdominal pressure
- Pregnancy, smoking, or certain dietary habits
- Delayed gastric emptying causing prolonged acid exposure
- Certain medications relaxing the LES (calcium channel blockers, NSAIDs)
CLINICAL DETAILS
KeyFacts
Endoscopy, pH monitoring, and oesophageal manometry
Laparoscopic fundoplication (Nissen or partial wrap)
Over 90% symptom resolution with surgery
Return to normal diet within 4–6 weeks
Failed medical therapy, large hiatal hernia, or patient preference
Available at Lux Hospitals, Hitech City, Hyderabad
HOW WE TREAT IT
Treatment Approach
Laparoscopic Fundoplication
Dr. Grandhi performs laparoscopic fundoplication — wrapping the upper portion of the stomach around the lower oesophagus to reinforce the anti-reflux barrier. This minimally invasive procedure offers over 90% long-term symptom resolution with a short hospital stay and rapid recovery.
- 1
Consultation & Investigations
Endoscopy, 24-hour pH monitoring, and oesophageal manometry confirm the diagnosis and assess suitability for surgical intervention.
- 2
Treatment Planning
Medical therapy is optimised prior to surgery. The type of fundoplication (total Nissen wrap or partial Toupet wrap) is selected based on oesophageal motility findings.
- 3
Laparoscopic Fundoplication
The fundus of the stomach is wrapped around the lower oesophagus laparoscopically under general anaesthesia, reinforcing the lower oesophageal sphincter and preventing reflux.
- 4
Recovery & Follow-up
A soft diet is maintained for 4–6 weeks post-operatively. Most patients are discharged within 1–2 days and return to normal activities within 2 weeks.
AVAILABLE TREATMENTS
TreatmentOptions
Laparoscopic Fundoplication
Minimally invasive wrap of the stomach fundus around the lower oesophagus to recreate the anti-reflux valve. Preferred surgical approach for GERD with excellent long-term outcomes.
Fundoplication (Open)
Open surgical fundoplication for complex cases requiring concurrent abdominal procedures or where laparoscopic access is not feasible.
COMMON QUESTIONS
Frequently Asked Questions
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